Use of Ionizing Radiation in the Health Sector

Abstract

Ionizing Radiation (IR) is widely used in different applications. The energy capable of moving electrons in some materials has been used in different human activities, including in the health sector. Technological advances and diversity in the use of IR are expressed in the treatment of tumors, in diagnostic imaging and in the monitoring of invasive procedures. The performance of procedures with application of IR requires structural adequacy and procedures to guarantee the radiological protection of the patient and the source operator. The present work sought to carry out a narrative review of the literature on ionizing radiation, with the inclusion of definitions and concepts and the presentation of theories and evidence that helped to emphasize the topic of interest. International initiatives have been pioneering in the investigation of security and dosimetry parameters, however, there are still technical and conceptual gaps that do not allow the full implementation of international standards. The radioprotection theme needs to be widely discussed so that professionals who are currently exposed, even without operating radioactive sources, have access to adequate care procedures and guarantees. Continuing educational actions represent an important strategy for reducing health problems, including cancer, and improving workers’ quality of life.