Transcriptome Analysis Identifies ALCAM Overexpression as a Prognosis Biomarker in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Cancers
Abstract
Abstract: Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most incident tumors
in the world, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. Different from other tumors, LSCC
prognosis did not improve during the past four decades. Therefore, the objective of this study was
to develop biomarkers that can predict LSCC patient’s prognosis. Results: Transcriptome analysis
pointed out 287 overexpressed genes in LSCC in comparison to adjacent mucosa. Among these,
a gene-pattern signature was created with 24 genes associated with prognosis. The Bayesian clustering
of both Brazil and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data pointed out clusters of samples possessing
significative differences in the prognosis, and the expression panel of three genes (ALCAM, GBP6, and
ME1) was capable to distinguish patients with worse prognosis with an accuracy of 97%. Survival
analyses with TCGA data highlighted ALCAM gene expression as an independent prognostic factor
for LSCC. This was further confirmed through immunohistochemistry, using a validation set of
Brazilian patients. ALCAM expression was not associated with prognosis for other head and neck
tumor sites. Conclusion: ALCAM overexpression seems to be an independent prognosis biomarker
for LSCC patients.