Microangiopatia trombótica após transplante haploidêntico de medula óssea em paciente pediátrico
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O transplante alogênico é o único tratamento curativo para a anemia aplástica grave, entretanto diversas complicações podem ocorrer após o transplante, dentre elas, há a microangiopatia trombótica associada ao transplante (MAT-AT). Uma complicação que pode ser fatal quando não houver a suspeita clínica e as devidas medidas realizadas precocemente. A apresentação clínica mais comum é a tríade: hipertensão, trombocitopenia (ou refratariedade à transfusão de plaquetas) e LDH elevado. Sua incidência é ampla, devido a grande variedade de apresentação clínica. Relato de caso: Paciente de 15 anos com anemia aplástica grave submetido ao transplante haploidêntico materno de medula óssea, evoluindo com complicações graves após o TMO, diversas infeções, doença enxerto contra hospedeiro aguda e microangiopatia associada ao transplante. Paciente tratado com êxito através da suspensão dos inibidores de calcineurinas e rituximab. No último follow-up, paciente com 14 meses pós-transplante, sem outras complicações. A MAT é uma doença que necessita de estudos para melhorar o diagnóstico e estratificação de seu tratamento, a fim de promover maior sobrevida ao paciente
Allogeneic transplantation is the only curative treatment for severe aplastic anemia.However, several complications can occur after transplantation, among them, the transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (AT-TMA), which is a complication that can be fatal when there is no clinical suspicion and appropriate measures taken precociously. The most common clinical presentation is the triad: hypertension, thrombocytopenia (or refractory to platelet transfusion), and elevated DHL. The incidence is wide, due to the wide variety of clinical presentations. Case report: A 15-year-old patient with severe aplastic anemia submitted to maternal haploidentical bone marrow transplantation, evolving with severe complications after BMT, several infections, acute graft-versus-host disease and transplant-associated microangiopathy. Patient successfully treated with discontinuation of calcineurin inhibitors and rituximab. At the last follow-up, the patient was 14 months posttransplant without other complications. TMA is a disease that needs further studies to improve diagnosis and treatment stratification to promote greater patient survival.
Allogeneic transplantation is the only curative treatment for severe aplastic anemia.However, several complications can occur after transplantation, among them, the transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (AT-TMA), which is a complication that can be fatal when there is no clinical suspicion and appropriate measures taken precociously. The most common clinical presentation is the triad: hypertension, thrombocytopenia (or refractory to platelet transfusion), and elevated DHL. The incidence is wide, due to the wide variety of clinical presentations. Case report: A 15-year-old patient with severe aplastic anemia submitted to maternal haploidentical bone marrow transplantation, evolving with severe complications after BMT, several infections, acute graft-versus-host disease and transplant-associated microangiopathy. Patient successfully treated with discontinuation of calcineurin inhibitors and rituximab. At the last follow-up, the patient was 14 months posttransplant without other complications. TMA is a disease that needs further studies to improve diagnosis and treatment stratification to promote greater patient survival.
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17 p.
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MELGAÇO, Ainá Henriques. Microangiopatia trombótica após transplante haploidêntico de medula óssea em paciente pediátrico. 2022. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Fellow Médico em Transplante de Medula Óssea) - Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, 2022.